Философская антропология Б. В. Маркова. Статья 1. Философия эпохи «смерти человека»

Daniil Yu. Dorofeev

doi:10.21638/spbu17.2024.201

Authors

Daniil Yu. Dorofeev St. Petersburg Mining University, 2, 21-ya liniya V.O., St. Petersburg, 199106, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-4545

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2024.201

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the Philosophical Anthropology of the recently deceased famous St. Petersburg philosopher Boris Vasilyevich Markov (1946-2023). Thanks to him, Russian Philosophical Anthropology started to develop actively in the 1990s. It is the peculiarities and significance of the philosophy of that period, are analyzed in the article. The writings of French philosophers, primarily the concept of the “death of man” by M. Foucault, were of central importance for the new Russian philosophy and Philosophical Anthropology of that time. The works of the archaeological and genealogical stages by Foucault had a great influence on Markov. The author of the current article examines in detail the significance of Foucault’s concept of the “death of man” and, in general, the understanding of man in Postmodernism for the development of Philosophical Anthropology of B. V.Markov in his works of the 1990s. To do this, the genesis and features of the development of European, primarily French, philosophy of the second half of the 20th century, presented in such concepts as episteme, deconstruction, archeology of knowledge, genealogy of power, language, are critically touched upon and analyzed. Based on these principles, Markov’s philosophical anthropology can be characterized as an archeology and genealogy of power in relation to man in culture, society and everyday life. The author emphasizes that the development of Philosophical Anthropology in the era of the “death of man” was a complex and controversial process, since such critical analytics led to the depersonalization of human being. The research presented in the article seeks to critically reveal the foundations of such an essentially anti-anthropological philosophy. Analysis of philosophy of B. V. Markov allows us to reveal its great significance for the development of domestic Philosophical Anthropology in the era of the “death of man”.

Keywords:

philosophical anthropology, B.V.Markov, “the death of man”, M. Foucault, deconstruction, archeology and genealogy of power

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Литература

Дорофеев, Д.Ю. (2021), От сердца к образу: к 75-летию проф. Б.В.Маркова, Вестник СПбГУ. Философия и конфликтология, т. 37, вып. 3, с. 382–392.

Марков, Б.В. и Сергеев, А.М. (2021), Опыт психобиографии философии послевоенного поколения, Социальные и гуманитарные науки на Дальнем Востоке, т. XVIII, вып. 2, с. 16–30.

Фуко, М. (1994), Слова и вещи. Археология гуманитарных наук, пер. с фр. Визгин, В.П. и Автономова, Н.С., СПб.: A-cad.

Деррида, Ж. (2000), О грамматологии, пер. с фр., вступ. ст. и коммент. Автономова, Н.С., М.: Ad Marginem.

Барт, Р. (1994), Избранные работы. Семиотика. Поэтика, сост., общ. ред. и вступ. ст. Косиков, Г.К., М.: Прогресс, с. 384–392.

Марков, Б.В. (2015), Опыт психобиографии поколения 60-х, в: Вспоминая философский факультет…, сост. Марков, Б.В. и Малинов, А.В., СПб.: Санкт-Петербургское философское общество, с. 98–119.

Марков, Б.В. (1983), Проблема проверяемости и обоснования теоретического знания, Ленинград: ЛГУ

Григорьян, Б.Т. (1982), Философская антропология, М.: Мысль.

Гуревич, П.С. (сост. и послесл.) (1988), Проблема человека в западной философии. Сборник переводов с английского, немецкого, французского, М.: Прогресс.

Марков, Б.В. (1993), Разум и сердце: история и теория менталитета, СПб.: Издательство СПбГУ

Марков, Б.В. (1997), Философская антропология. Очерк истории и теории, СПб.: Лань.

Марков, Б.В. (2008), Философская антропология, 2-е изд., СПб.: Питер.

Элиас, Н. (2001), О процессе цивилизации: Социогенетические и психогенетические исследования: в 2 т., пер. Руткевич, А.М., М.; СПб.: Университетская книга.

Хоркхаймер, М. и Адорно, Т. (1997), Диалектика Просвещения. Философские фрагменты, пер. с нем. Кузнецов, М., М.; СПб.: Медиум, Ювента.

Марков, Б.В. (1999), Храм и рынок. Человек в пространстве культуры, СПб.: Алетейя.

Фуко, М. (1998), Воля к истине. По ту сторону знания, власти и сексуальности, пер. с фр., М.: Касталь.

Лермонтов, М.Ю. (1969), Собрание сочинений: в 4 т., т. 4, М.: Правда.

Фуко, М. (2007), Герменевтика субъекта. Курс лекций, прочитанных в Коллеж де Франс в 1981–1982 учебном году, пер. с фр. Погоняйло, А.Г., СПб.: Наука.

Фуко, М. (2004), Мужество истины. Управление собой и другими II. Курс лекций, прочитанных в Коллеж де Франс в 1983–1984 учебном году, пер. с фр. Дьяков, А.В., СПб.: Наука.

Дорофеев, Д.Ю. (2022), Философская антропология подлинного и неподлинного: современная проблематизация человеческой личности и образа жизни, Философия. Журнал высшей школы экономики, т. 6, № 3, с. 127–154.

Шелер, М. (2011), Проблемы социологии знания, пер. с нем. Малинкин, А.Н., М.: Институт общегуманитарных исследований.

Rocek, R. and Schatz, O. (hrsg) (1974), Philosophische Anthropologie heute, München: Beck.

References

Dorofeev, D.Yu. (2021), From heart to image: on the 75th anniversary of prof. B.V.Markov, Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, vol. 37, iss. 3, pp. 382–392. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. and Sergeev, A.M. (2021), Experience of psychobiography of philosophy of the post-war generation, Social and human sciences in the Far East, vol. XVIII, no. 2, pp. 16–30. (In Russian)

Foucault, M. (1994), Words and Things. Archeology of the Humanitarian Sciences, transl. from French by Vizgin, V.P. and Autonomova, N. S., St. Petersburg: A-cad Publ. (In Russian)

Derrida, J. (2000), On Grammatology, transl. from French, Moscow: Ad Marginem Publ. (In Russian)

Barth, R. (1994), Selected works. Semiotics. Poetics, comp., total. ed. and entry art. by Kosikov, G.K., Moscow: Progress Publ., pp. 384–392. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. (2015), Experience of psychobiography of the generation of the 60s, in: Remembering the Faculty of Philosophy…, comp. by Markov, B.V. and Malinov, A.V., St. Petersburg: Sankt-Peterburgskoe filosofskoe obshhestvo Publ., pp. 98–119. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. (1983), The problem of verifiability and justification of theoretical knowledge, Leningrad: LGU Publ. (In Russian)

Grigoryan, B.T. (1982), Philosophical Anthropology, Moscow: Mysl’ Publ. (In Russian)

Gurevich, P. S. (comp. and after.) (1988), The Problem of Man in Western Philosophy. Collection of translations from English, German, French, Moscow: Progress Publ. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. (1993), Mind and Heart: History and Theory of Mentality, St. Petersburg: Saint-Petersburg University Press. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. (1997), Philosophical Anthropology. Essay on history and theory, St. Petersburg: Lan’ Publ., 384 p. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. (2008), Philosophical Anthropology, 2nd ed., St. Petersburg: Piter Publ. (In Russian)

Elias, N. (2001), On the process of civilization: Sociogenetic and psychogenetic studies, in 2 vols, transl. from Germ. by Rutkevich, A.M., Moscow and St. Petersburg: Universitetskaia kniga Publ. (In Russian)

Horkheimer, M. and Adorno, T. (1997), Dialectics of Enlightenment. Philosophical fragments, transl. from Germ. by Kuznetsova, M., Moscow and St. Petersburg: Medium Publ., Iuventa Publ. (In Russian)

Markov, B.V. (1999), Temple and Market. Man in the space of culture, St. Petersburg: Aletheia Publ. (In Russian)

Foucault, M. (1998), The will to truth. Beyond knowledge, power and sexuality, transl. from French, Moscow: Kastal’ Publ. (In Russian)

Lermontov, M.Yu. (1969), Collected Works, in 4 vols, vol. 4, Moscow: Pravda Publ. (In Russian)

Foucault, M. (2007), Hermeneutics of the subject. Course of lectures given at the Collège de France in the 1981–1982 academic year, transl. from French by Pogniailo, A.G., St. Petersburg: Nauka Publ. (In Russian)

Foucault, M. (2004), The Courage of Truth. Managing yourself and others II.Course of lectures given at the Collège de France in the 1983–1984 academic year, transl. from French by Dyakov, A.V., St. Petersburg: Nauka Publ. (In Russian)

Dorofeev, D.Yu. (2022), Philosophical anthropology of the authentic and inauthentic: contemporary problematization of human personality and way of life, Philosophy, Journal of Higher School of Economics, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 127–154. (In Russian)

Scheler, M. (2011), Problems of the sociology of knowledge, transl. from Germ. by Malinkin, A.N., Moscow: Institute of General Humanitarian Research Publ. (In Russian)

Rocek, R. and Schatz, O. (Hrsg.) (1974), Philosophische Anthropologie heute, Munchen: Beck.